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I det 17. og 18. århundrede fungerede London som økonomisk centrum for al
handel i det Britiske Imperium. I denne periode var der bl.a. meget tætte bånd
mellem den indiske by Madras og London.
I bogen undersøger Søren Mentz, hvorledes det lykkedes for de ansatte i det
engelske East India Company at drive en omfattende og meget konkurrencedygtig
privathandel med England på trods af kompagniets monopol. Mentz påviser bl.a.,
hvorledes de handlende brugte engelsk kapital til at bygge Madras op til et
succesrigt handelscenter. Forfatteren behandler her et hidtil uudforsket område
at det Britiske Imperiums historie og viser hvordan dette særlige private
handelssamarbejde kunne fungere i kraft af nogle forskellige sociale og
kulturelle faktorer.
Søren Mentz er ph.d. i historie fra Københavns Universitet. Han har
desuden studeret ved The Delhi School of Economics og har under sit arbejde med
bogen besøgt lokale arkiver i både Indien og Storbritannien. I dag er han
museumsinspektør på Det Nationalhistoriske Museum på Frederiksborg Slot.
English
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, servants in the East India
Company established a private English trading network that was successful and
highly competitive. How was this development maintained seeing that the group
of private merchants was constantly changing? The answer must be found in the
close ties connecting Madras with the City of London. London was the financial
centre of the British Empire as well as the generator of overseas expansion.
Colonial societies in the West Indies and North America were economically and
socially dependent upon the metropolis and so was Madras. This book places the
activities of the private merchants in Madras within the framework of the first
British Empire. It focuses on a hitherto neglected field of study, uncovering a
private trading network, a diaspora, built on gentlemanly capitalism, trust and
ethnicity.
Søren Mentz has a PhD in history from the University of Copenhagen. He
has been a casual research student at the Delhi School of Economics and has
visited local archives in India as well as in Great Britain. His articles have
been published in Indian Economic and Social History Review and Itinerario.
Currently, he is curator at Frederiksborgmuseet, The National Historical Museum
at Frederiksborg Castle in Denmark.
Pressen skrev
"Mentz' study is stimulating and will inspire others to explore further sources
to illuminate aspects of the European private trade in other parts of India that
have so far escaped scholar's attention ... Finally, it must be appreciated that
the style of writing is consistently lucid, which makes for very pleasant
reading."
- Ghulam Ahmad Nadri, University of Leiden, Itineraries, 29:2, 2005
"Mentz' sorgfältige Studie argumentiert, die Forschung habe durch die Fixierung
auf die Companie die Rolle des freien Asienhandels unterschätzt und so
übersehen, daß im gesamten britischen Empire eine relativ einheitliche
Kaufmannskultur bestand, deren treibende Kraft privater Handel war."
- Andreas Fahrmeier, Historische Zeitschrift, Band 281, 2005
"Bogen er velskrevet og til tider underholdende. Der er ingen tvivl om, at
diamanthandel og koloniale handelssammenhænge mellem Madras og London efter
the Glorious Revoluion er en spændende historie, og Søren Mentz har
skrevet et solidt værk om emnet på godt engelsk."
- Pernille Ipsen, Historisk Tidsskrift, Bind 105 Hæfte 2
”His book […] effectively reconstructs from an important and hitherto
understudied body of sources an aspect of the lives and finances of these
private merchants in Madras and their strong social and economic connections
with the City of London during the early colonial period.”
– Michael H. Fisher, Oberling College, American Historical Review
"Mentz is to be congratulated. So-called ‘ Eurocentrism ’ has been much reviled
in the literature. He has courageously shown that the metropole, as well as the
indigenous location, must be considered as we try to explain the successes (and
failures) of the private trade of these merchants."
- Michael Pearson, (University of Technology, Sydney), English Historical
Review, cxxi. 492 ( June 2006)
"This volume's major contribution is Mentz' evocation of the social lives and
commercial activities of these merchants as they represented themselves in their
letters and other private papers, often written to relatives or business
partners in England or Scotland. Mentz carefully shows how he has pieced
together fragmentary economic and social evidence from these documents, some of
which their authors either deliberately obscured or explicitly instructed should
be destroyed as betraying evidence of their illicit activities.
... [The book] effectively reconstructs from an important and hitherto
understudied body of sources an aspect of the lives and finances of these
private merchants in Madras and their strong social and economic connections
with the City of London during the early colonial period."
- Michael H.
Fischer, Oberlin College, American Historical Review, February 2006
"Alt i alt er bogen et fremragende bidrag til nyvurderingen af Europas betydning
for handelsverdenen i Det indiske Ocean."
- Martin Krieger, Nyt fra
Historien, forår 2006
"Mentz raises many useful questions and his work should stimulate further
research. His spirited engagement with the plethora of debates over the nature
of early capitalism and the workings of the East India Company, and his frank
discussions regarding the contradictions in and limitations of the available
source material would make this useful reading in a graduate seminar on
methodology ... the author is successful in presenting an evocative depiction of
the methods and conditions - with their potential risks and rewards - under
which these early capitalists worked."
- Marilyn Morris, University of North
Texas, The Historian, vol. 68, no. 3
"This is a very good book, well-written, nuanced and scholarly."
- Tirthankar Roy, London School of Economics and Political Science, The
Indian Economic and Social History Review, 44, 2 (2007)
"At the core of this book are findings of originality and great interest.[...]
Søren Mentz helpfully compliments existing work. He does not displace it."
- P.J. Marshall (Kings College, London), The Journal of Imperial and
Commonwealth History, Vol. 33, No. 3
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